Endocytosis The process when a cell take in material from the outside by fusing them to the plasma membrane, and uses ATP to do so. In fact, there are three types of endocytosis: phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis. In phagocytosis for example, the cell’s plasma membrane surrounds a macromolecule or even an entire cell from the extracellular environment and buds off to form a food vacuole or phagosome.
Exocytosis The process when a cell is taking out material. In this process, the Golgi complex packages macromolecules into transport vesicles that travel to and fuse with the plasma membrane. This causes the vesicle to spill its contents out of the cell. This process is important because it helps remove waste from the cell.
Diffusion Diffusion is passive and requires no energy. It's the random movement of molecules and to fill space. In the human body it helps get rid things that are not necessary like carbon dioxide. Also diffusion occurs when humans breathe in and out.
Osmosis It's the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane. During osmosis water from high concentrated area. When water leaves a dilute solution (high water concentration) and passes into a more concentrated solution (low water concentration) than enters it. The water may appear as if it moved across the membrane in one direction, but it is moving in both directions but more one way than the other.
Facilitated Diffusion When substances are transported across a membrane from a higher concentration to an area of a lower concentration by means of protein carrier molecules. Thus for this type of diffusion energy is not needed but proteins are needed.
Sodium Potassium Pump It's a protein that uses ATP to moves sodium to the outside of the cell and potassium to the inside of the cell. What happens during this, is that a phosphate from the ATP attaches to the pump and make a change in the shape which moving the sodium to the outside of the cell moving the potassium to the inside. Because of all this that is happening there is a constant supply of energy needed.