Gregor Mendel He was a teacher, lifelong learner, scientist, and known as the "father of genetics". The reason being that he made many advances in genetics. In one of his experiments he crossed a purple flower with a white flower and got a purple flower. As a result from this experiment, many believed in blending. For example, if two kids look like their parents maybe it's because of blending.
Laws of Segregation
This law states that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent. What this means, is that one of the two gene copies present in an organism is distributed to each gamete, thus the allocation of the gene copies are random. What he did was that he crossed two heterozygous pea plants, which means that each plant had two different alleles at a particular genetic position. This lead him to the discovery that the traits in the offspring of his crosses did not always match the traits in the parental plants. This meant that the pair of alleles encoding the traits in each parental plant had separated or segregated from one another during the formation of the reproductive cells.
Laws of Independent Assortment
This law states that the alleles of two different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another. In other words, the allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene. What led to this was that he noticed that genes were inherited independetly for one another. Mendel concluded this after performing dihybrid crosses between plants that differed in two traits, such as seed color and pod color. After these plants were allowed to self pollinate, he noticed that the same ratio of 9:3:1 appeared among the offspring.